Let history decide!

Trump says both Ukraine and Russia should declare victory after meeting with Zelenskyy: “Let history decide!”

Washington — After he meets with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy at the White House on Friday, President Trump said both Russia and Ukraine should declare victory and “let history decide!” 

Zelenskyy told reporters after the meeting that he and Mr. Trump decided not to publicly discuss whether the U.S. will provide long-range weapons, including Tomahawks, citing the “escalation” that could bring in Russia’s war on Ukraine. Zelenskyy’s comment came mere hours after Mr. Trump expressed openness to trading U.S. Tomahawks for Ukrainian drones.

“We decided that we don’t speak about it because nobody wants — the United States doesn’t want escalation,” Zelenskyy said.   

Mr. Trump said in a Truth Social post Friday that his meeting with the Ukrainian leader was “very interesting and cordial.” 

He continued, “I told him, as I likewise strongly suggested to President Putin, that it is time to stop the killing, and make a DEAL! Enough blood has been shed, with property lines being defined by War and Guts. They should stop where they are. Let both claim Victory, let History decide!”

Mr. Trump’s meeting with Zelenskyy took place a day after the president spoke by phone with Russian President Vladimir Putin and then announced that he and Putin would meet soon in Budapest. 

The president expressed some reservations about reducing the number of Tomahawks that the U.S. possesses, though long-range weapons were expected to be a major point of discussion for Mr. Trump and Zelenskyy.  

“Tomahawks are a big deal,” Mr. Trump told reporters during the meeting with his Cabinet and Zelenskyy. “But one thing I have to say, we want Tomahawks, also. We don’t want to be giving away things that we need to protect our country.” 

“Hopefully, we’ll be able to get the war over without thinking about Tomahawks. I think we’re fairly close to that,” Mr. Trump said.

After Zelenskyy suggested Ukraine might give the U.S. Ukrainian drones in exchange for the Tomahawk missiles, a reporter asked Mr. Trump if it was a trade that interested him.

“We are, yeah,” the president responded. “They make a very good drone,” he replied.

Zelenskyy and Mr. Trump shook hands when the Ukrainian president arrived at the White House, and a reporter asked the president if he believes he can persuade Putin to end the war. “Yup,” Mr. Trump responded. 

In their meeting, Mr. Trump was seated across from Zelenskyy, who wore a military-style jacket for the occasion. Mr. Trump complimented him, saying, “I think he looks beautiful in his jacket.”

“It’s an honor to be with a very strong leader, a man who has been through a lot,” Mr. Trump said in the meeting, adding he thinks they’re making “great progress” in ending the war. 

Zelenskyy congratulated Mr. Trump on the “successful ceasefire” in the Middle East, but he added that he thinks Putin is “not ready” to end the war with Ukraine. 

Mr. Trump brought up the possibility that Zelenskyy could join his upcoming meeting with Putin in Budapest, but then added that the meetings “may be separated.” A date has not yet been set for Mr. Trump’s meeting with the Russian leader.

A reporter asked the president if he was concerned that Putin might just be trying to buy more time for the Budapest meeting. “Yeah, I am,” Mr. Trump said. “But you know, I’ve been played by the best of them all my life. And I came out really well. So, it’s possible, yeah.”

Mr. Trump had previously said the Tomahawks would be a “new step of aggression” in the Russia-Ukraine war. They’d enable Ukraine to strike deep within Russia.

“I might say, ‘Look: if this war is not going to get settled, I’m going to send the Tomahawks,'” Mr. Trump told reporters earlier this week. “We may not, but we may do it.”

The last time the U.S. and Ukrainian presidents met in person was in late September, on the sidelines of the U.N. General Assembly in New York. Mr. Trump and Zelenskyy spoke twice over the weekend, on Saturday and Sunday, ahead of Mr. Trump’s whirlwind Middle East trip to mark the Israel-Hamas peace deal

Russia has given no indication it wants to end the war. And Ukrainian authorities said there had been another large-scale Russian strike hours before Mr. Trump spoke with Putin on the phone. 

“The massive overnight strike — launched hours before the conversation between Putin and President Trump — exposes Moscow’s real attitude toward peace,” Ukrainian ambassador to the U.S. Olga Stefanishyna said in a statement Thursday. “While discussions about ending the war continue, Russia once again chose missiles over dialogue, turning this attack into a direct blow to ongoing peace efforts led by President Trump.”

Mr. Trump, in recent months, has expressed frustration with Putin over the failure to end the war, though on a separate front, first lady Melania Trump said last week that she has worked with the Russian leader’s team to return Ukrainian children to their families. Mr. Trump said the first lady took up that initiative on her own. 

U.S. and Russian advisers will be meeting next week in a location that hasn’t been disclosed yet ahead of the anticipated Trump-Putin meeting. The president indicated that initial meetings leading up to the meeting with the Russian leader would be led by Secretary of State Marco Rubio.

13 CBD Facts & Common Misconceptions

With the peaking popularity of CBD as a potential therapeutic compound, there’s also a sea of misconceptions about this cannabinoid. You know how it is, people like to spread myths about different things and CBD is no exception. Read on to protect yourself against common misinformation.

The past year was a great milestone in the research on Cannabidiol. It doesn’t get you high, and yet, you can still experience a whole myriad of benefits that cannabis has to offer. Given this, we can fully understand the buzz among medical scientists and patients that CBD has created recently.

Numerous commercial companies and online retailers have hopped on the CBD bandwagon, claiming that hemp-derived CBD is the next big discovery, a versatile substance that can put an end to seizures, relieve chronic pain, reduce inflammation, and shrink tumor cells – without making users feel “stoned”.

However, the growing popularity of CBD has given rise to a whole litany of misconceptions about this cannabinoid. You already know that CBD is not a miracle cure, and you cannot use it as a quick fix to deal with literally any health issues.

But hey, some people really like to make stories up. Let’s debunk the top 13 misconceptions about CBD.

Top 13 CBD Myths & Misconceptions

Fasten your seatbelts and prepare yourself for a true myth ride.

Off we go!

1. CBD Is Medical, THC Is Recreational

How many times have you heard people saying that they are searching for “CBD, the medical compound, “not THC, the recreational one?” We cannot even count how many times our readers ask us about this on a daily basis.

As much as we admit that THC is still considered the recreational cannabinoid, due to the psychoactive high it produces, we cannot agree that it’s void of medical properties.

In fact, the long-stigmatized THC comes with amazing therapeutic qualities. According to scientists at the Scripps Research Center in San Diego, THC blocks an enzyme associated with the formation of 2-amyloid plaque, the main cause of Alzheimer ’s-related dementia [1].

Interestingly, the whole cannabis plant, which is a natural source of THC, continues to stay in the Schedule I drug classification. On the other hand, the same federal government that has demonized cannabis for such a long time seems to have nothing against recognizing single-molecule THC (used in Marinol, an anti-nausea drug) as a Schedule III pharmaceutical, a category reserved exclusively for substances with little abuse potential – it’s a bit hypocritical if you ask us.

2. THC Is the Bad Cannabinoid. CBD Is the Good Cannabinoid

This is an absolute winner on the list! Every drug fear-mongering looks like this: give credit to CBD and, at the same time, continue to stigmatize THC.

Some prohibition crusaders are sharing the good news about CBD to run even further with their holy insignia against high-THC cannabis, giving tetrahydrocannabinol as much of a bad reputation as they can.

Why is that?

We guess that it’s because CBD doesn’t make you feel high like THC does. We strongly stand against this reefer-madness classification between good and bad cannabinoids. Instead, we believe in whole-plant medicine, a concept popularized by Dr. Ethan Russo [2].

If you want to see the health benefits of cannabidiol in the big picture, we encourage you to embrace the power of the synergy achieved by all active compounds in the herb.

3. CBD Is Most Effective Without THC

Once again, we get back to Dr. Russo and the concept of the entourage effect. Numerous studies have shown that CBD and THC work best together. These two cannabinoids interact synergistically to boost the healing effects of one another.

British researchers have found that CBD strengthens THC’s anti-inflammatory properties in the animal model of colitis. Further, scientists from the California Pacific Medical Center in San Francisco discovered that a mix of CBD and THC produces a stronger anti-cancer effect than either compound; the study was conducted on brain and breast cancer cell families [3].

Complex clinical research has demonstrated that whole-plant extracts are more beneficial for neuropathic pain than isolated compounds.

4. Single-Molecule Pharmaceuticals Are Superior to ‘Crude’ Whole Plant Medicinals

Let’s break the federal government’s logic into bits and pieces. What Uncle Sam wants us to believe is that single-molecule drugs are more effective than whole-plant medicine. In other words, specific compounds of the marijuana plant (CBD, THC) have medicinal value, but the plant itself has no benefits at all, not to mention that it has a strong potential for abuse.

Wow, that sounds pretty bad, doesn’t it?

Let’s make it clear, the single-molecule favoritism reflects a cultural and political bias that benefits pharmaceutical corporations. It’s the legal way, FDA-approved way, but it is, by no means, the only way to benefit from cannabis – and definitely not the best way.

There are hundreds of active compounds in cannabis, including a whole palette of minor cannabinoids in addition to CBD and THC, aromatic terpenes, and various flavonoids. Each of these constituents comes with specific therapeutic qualities, but when consumed as a whole, they create what scientists and cannabis breeders refer to as the “ensemble effect” or the aforementioned “entourage effect.” [4].

The Food and Drug Administration, however, still labels plants as “food supplements.”

5. CBD Is Not Psychoactive

CBD oil in a bottle with hemp leaves on the side

While it’s true that CBD is not an intoxicant, it’s misleading to define CBD as a non-psychoactive compound. When a patient with clinical depression takes a low dose of a CBD-rich sublingual tincture and the compound makes them feel even slightly better for the first time in a long time, it’s a textbook example of mood alteration. By its definition, the word ‘psychoactive’ means ‘acting on the mind,’ and CBD fits into this definition like a glove.

That being said, it’s much better to say “CBD is not psychoactive like THC” or “CBD is not intoxicating, contrary to THC,” than to simply claim that it’s not psychoactive at all.

Don’t get us wrong, there is no chance that CBD will make you feel stoned. Instead, it can impact a person’s mind in many positive ways. Low-to-moderate doses of Cannabidiol are mildly stimulating. High doses of CBD, in turn, can serve as a decent sleep aid.

6. Psychoactivity Is Inherently An Adverse Side Effect

The whole machine behind the War on Drugs has made marijuana high an undesired side effect, and the federal government has used this common misconception as their main propaganda tool to discourage people from using the herb.

At the same time, pharmaceutical companies are allowed to synthesize medically active marijuana, it hasn’t been explained why mild euphoric sensations are basically wrong for a sick person or a healthy person.

It seems strange, to say the least, as in Greek, the word euphoria means “being in good health”, a state of complete well-being. The long-stigmatized euphoric features of cannabis are a far cry from being an undesired side effect. In fact, they are implicated in the medicinal value of the herb.

So, maybe it’s time to start thinking of cannabis as a medicine first, one that happens to have some psychoactive qualities (as if no medicine has ever had psychoactive effects), instead of perceiving it as an intoxicant that happens to have some medicinal benefits.

7. High Doses of CBD Work Better Than Low Doses

Yes, CBD isolates contain more CBD than whole plant CBD-rich extracts. But that doesn’t mean that isolated molecules are more effective. As a matter of fact, CBD isolates require higher doses to take effect than whole-plant products.

According to clinicians and patients, full-spectrum CBD extracts have a wider therapeutic window than isolates. A synergistic combination of THC, CBD, other cannabinoids, and terpenes can be effective at low doses – as little as 2.5mg THC and/or 2.5mg of CBD.

Some patients may require significantly higher amounts of those compounds to get the desired effects, but the increased influx of isolated CBD won’t solve the issue. Also, remember that both CBD and THC – and cannabis in general – have biphasic properties; in other words, low and high doses can induce the opposite effect. A high dose of CBD could be less effective than low-to-moderate doses when it comes to providing therapeutic effects.

8. CBD Converts to THC In a Person’s Stomach

CBD has been acknowledged as a safe substance that is well-tolerated in humans. However, people who are skeptical about cannabis, in general, are concerned about the potential side effects, which might impact CBD’s medical utility.

One of such misconceptions that leads to those concerns is the theory that CBD converts to the intoxicating THC in the stomach. Fortunately, there is sound evidence that this assumption is entirely wrong.

Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated that extremely high doses of CBD, like 600 mg of the cannabinoid, do not cause toxicity or THC-like psychoactive effects. In fact, it has turned out that CBD can neutralize the high from THC [5].

If you’re still not convinced whether we’re right or not, maybe the 2017 WHO report will make you change your mind:

As the WHO states:

“Stimulated gastric fluid does not exactly replicate physiological conditions in the stomach [and] spontaneous conversion of CBD to delta-9-THC has not been demonstrated in humans undergoing treatment.” [6]

9. Legalizing CBD, But Not Cannabis, Adequately Serves the Patient Population

Of all 50 states, 28 states have legalized medical marijuana (not just CBD) in various forms. Only nineteen U.S. states have enforced “CBD Only” laws. While we’re not going to deny that CBD has a huge therapeutic potential, some patients cannot fully benefit from CBD-rich remedies with little THC.

For example, parents of epileptic children have found that combining CBD extracts with THC or its raw, unheated version (THCA) is more effective for seizure control than CBD oil alone. Keep in mind that specific cannabis compounds are no one-fits-all solutions, and as such, some people need access to a broader spectrum of whole plant cannabis medicine, not just CBD-only remedies.

10. Marijuana Prohibition Doesn’t Apply to CBD. CBD Is Federally Legal If It Comes From the Seed Or Stalk of Hemp

CBD oil extract in bottle, a hemp bud and a gavel

Yet another big no-no! The only parts of the hemp plant from which CBD can be extracted are flower tops and leaves.

This misconception is commonly used by companies who want to look legitimate in the light of the contradictory U.S. laws, and if they claim that their oil is derived from hemp seed, they instantly lose credibility.

Even though Congress may soon vote to exclude hemp and CBD from the definition of “marihuana” under the Controlled Substances Act, cannabis still remains the law of the land according to the federal government.

We cannot interpret the Controlled Substances Act according to our outlook on the world. The current law, as unjust as it is, must be obeyed until the document is finally abolished.

11. CBD Is CBD – It Doesn’t Matter Where It Comes From

Actually, it doesn’t matter. While some low-resin industrial hemp crops may be a reasonable source of CBD, fiber hemp has a poor cannabinoid profile.

The largest concentration of CBD can be found in CBD-rich cannabis flower tops. Yes, specifically bred marijuana strains are currently the best source of Cannabidiol.

All products made from “entirely legal industrial hemp” require huge amounts of sourcing material to extract a small amount of CBD. This, in turn, can result in an increased risk of contaminants because hemp absorbs toxins from the soil.

On top of that, CBD extracted from industrial hemp or synthesized in a lab lacks essential therapeutic terpenes and other plant compounds that produce the synergy with CBD and THC to boost their healing properties.

Thankfully, as more research is being conducted on cannabinoids and their source, plant breeders are now aiming at satisfying the legal criteria for industrial hemp, which is less than 0.3% THC and more than 10% CBD by dry weight, while developing high-resin varieties from certain marijuana strains.

12. CBD Is Sedating

Cannabidiol can be sedative, but it doesn’t mean this quality shows up every time you consume CBD oil. It is best to know the different times of the day to take CBD by understanding the effects it can have in the morning and the evening.

Like we said, CBD has biphasic effects; simply put, when administered in low doses, earlier during the day, CBD can promote wakefulness and reduce daytime sleepiness. However, high doses of the cannabinoid before bedtime can have sedating effects, and as such, they can contribute to a good night’s sleep.

13. CBD Acts on the Cannabinoid Receptors

CBD has a long list of neurological effects, but they are not a result of Cannabidiol’s interaction with two cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2.

While all other cannabinoids interact with CB1 and CB2 receptors, CBD has very little effect on either. Instead, CBD stimulates the endocannabinoid system to create more of its natural cannabinoids. It also slows their breakdown, thanks to which they can remain in your body for longer.

On top of that, CBD acts on over 60 molecular pathways, including the serotonin receptors, vanilloid receptors, orphan receptors, and nuclear receptors, which is why it can affect a person’s cognition, mood, appetite, pain perception, temperature control, immune responses, and cancer cells’ regression.

Don’t Spread Myths, Spread the Truth

As you can see, the list of common misconceptions about CBD is pretty long. Despite the increasing awareness of CBD as a therapeutic compound, the amount of misinformation on the Internet and in real life is disturbing, to say the least. Whether it’s caused by pure ignorance or intentional attempts at stigmatizing cannabis, we don’t know. Maybe it’s both. But we won’t stop the misconceptions from spreading until we start work at the grassroots. Now that you‘re familiar with the myths about CBD, don’t be afraid to publicly debunk them – even if you meet with negative reactions at first. Keep in mind that such reactions are most often caused by fear resulting from the lack of knowledge and years of being fed with propaganda against cannabis.

References:

  1. Currais et al. Amyloid Proteotoxicity Initiates An Inflammatory Response Blocked By Cannabinoids. NPJ Aging and Mechanism of Disease 2, Article number: 16012. Published in June 2016.
  2. Russo, Ethan B. “Taming THC: Potential Cannabis Synergy and Phytocannabinoid-Terpenoid Entourage Effects.” British Journal of Pharmacology 163.7 (2011): 1344–1364. PMC. Web. 17 Sept. 2018.
  3. McAllister SD, Christian RT, Horowitz MP, Garcia A, Desprez PY. Cannabidiol as a Novel Inhibitor of ld-1 Gene Expression in Aggressive Breast Cancer Cells. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics (2007):2921-7. Published in print, November 2007.
  4. Blasco-Benito S. et al. Appraising the “Entourage Effect”: Antitumor Action of a Pure Cannabinoid Versus a Botanical Drug Preparation In Preclinical Models of Breast Cancer. Biochemical Pharmacology (2018). pii: S0006-2952(18)30238-7. Published in June 2018.
  5. Bergamaschi MM, Costa Queiroz RG, Crippa JA, Zuardi AW. Safety And Side Effects of Cannabidiol, a Cannabis Sativa Constituent. Department of Toxicological and Food Sciences Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (2011), Current Drug Safety, 6, 000-000.
  6. World Health Organization. Cannabidiol (CBD): Critical Review Report. Expert Committee on Drug Dependence, Fortieth Meeting, June 2018.

Best Marijuana for Sleep: Top Products of 2025

Looking for the best cannabis products to sleep? In this article, we highlight the top 3 formulas designed to help you get 8 hours of quality shut-eye and sleep better than 50% of people on this planet.

People have been using cannabis products for sleep for centuries, if not millennia. The oldest evidence of the medical use of cannabis dates back to 12,000 years ago in China.

Today, after almost 100 years of ungrounded prohibition, cannabis enters a renaissance as scientists begin to understand the mechanisms behind its health benefits.

The abundance of cannabis products for sleep can be overwhelming if that’s your first contact with the plant.

So, how do you choose the product that best suits your inner daily clock?

Here we highlight the top brands that offer remarkable formulas for zzzs.

Best Cannabis Product for Sleep

Not all cannabinoids will make you feel sleepy. The best cannabis products for sleep include high doses of CBD supported by CBN and trace amounts of THC.

Manufacturers also add sedating terpenes to the mix. Terpenes are aromatic molecules that not only give plants their distinct fragrances and flavors but also modulate the effects of cannabis.

Finally, a well-designed cannabis formula for sleep should include other supplements like melatonin, 5-HTP, chamomile, or GABA to complement and enhance the effects of cannabinoids.

Here’s a quick summary of the best cannabis products for sleep:

  • Area52 (Best Full-Spectrum Cannabis Product for Sleep Overall): Area 52 is the best choice if you’re looking for true full-spectrum cannabis gummies. They leverage the synergy between cannabinoids and terpenes, with an extra dose of melatonin to help you regulate your inner clock.
  • Royal CBD (Best Cannabis Formula with Adaptogens): Royal CBD combines CBD with CBN in a 1:1 ratio in delicious gummies that offer an assortment of fruity flavors. The formula is supported by adaptogenic herbs that promote calmness, easing physical and mental stress.
  • Gold Bee (Best Tasting): If you’re looking for the best all-organic cannabis product for sleep, the Gold Bee sleep gummies are your best bet. These gummies come with an exceptional terpene content, potentiating the effects of other cannabinoids. They’re also the best vegan gummies we’ve tried to date. If the ingredient lists didn’t say they use fruit pectin, we’d bet they’re made with gelatin.

1. Area 52 (Best Full-spectrum Cannabis Gummies Overall)

Area 52 Full-Spectrum UFO Gummies

Get 15% off all Area 52 products. Use code “CFAH” at checkout.

See Lowest Price

ProsCons
Organic hemp Full-spectrum cannabis extract 1:1 ratio between CBD and CBN Infused with melatonin A mix of fruity flavors in one jarMelatonin can make you feel tired the next day if you take too many gummies

Area 52 offers an exceptionally potent cannabis formula for sleep in the form of delicious, chewy cubes. These gummies pack a punch, with 25 mg of CBD, 25 mg of CBN, and melatonin.

The gummies also contain complementary ingredients, such as 5-HTP, chamomile, passionflower, and lemon balm.

We’ve found that a little goes a long way with this product. One gummy before bed was enough to induce a mellow sensation and a calming wave of relaxation over the body and mind.

However, if you take 2 gummies or more, you may feel a bit tired after waking up the next day, so it’s best to start low and gradually increase the dosage until you find what works best for you.

2. Royal CBD Sleep Gummies (Best Adaptogenic Formula)

Product Image for Royal CBD Sleep Gummies

Get 15% off all Royal CBD products. Use code “CFAH” at checkout.

See Lowest Price

ProsCons
Slightly more expensive than other cannabis edibles for sleep. Limited flavor optionsSlightly more expensive than other cannabis edibles for sleep Limited flavor options

Royal CBD specializes in full-spectrum CBD products for different health needs, including pain, anxiety, and sleep. The Royal CBD Sleep gummies contain a 2:1 ratio between CBD and CBN, offering 25 mg of CBD and 5 mg of CBN per serving.

They’re less sedating than Area 52 Neptun Sleep Gummies, and since they contain less melatonin, it’s not that easy to go overboard. You can take 2-3 gummies for sleep and still wake up refreshed in the morning.

The presence of calming herbs, such as chamomile and L-theanine, helps calm the mind before bed and release tension from the body. The only thing we didn’t like is the hempy aftertaste they leave, but some users may find it appealing.

Royal CBD products are tested in an independent laboratory for potency and purity; the results include a full cannabinoid profile, terpenes, and contaminants, such as pesticides, heavy metals, solvents, and mold.

3. Gold Bee Sleep Gummies (Best Tasting)

Gold Bee CBN Gummies for Sleep in White Background

See Lowest Price

ProsCons
Organic ingredients Low in sugar 1:1 ratio between CBD and CBN Melatonin and calming herbs VeganMade in small batches (sometimes out of stock) Lab reports only on request

Gold Bee makes the best-tasting vegan cannabis products for sleep, offering a 1:1 ratio between CBD and CBN, a decent dose of melatonin, and exceptionally high levels of relaxing terpenes.

If you’re looking for an all-organic product that leverages the entourage effect in hemp by embracing the concept of whole-plant extracts, Gold Bee is your best bet.

CBN is rumored to have sleep-inducing properties, but the latest studies indicate it may serve as a booster for other cannabinoids and sleep-inducing terpenes.

On top of delicious flavors, these gummies are super efficient thanks to their unique formula. Aside from a full-spectrum extract, they provide adaptogenic compounds that improve your stress response and help regulate circadian rhythm so that you can enjoy deeper and longer-lasting rest.

How We Chose the Best Cannabis Products for Sleep

The cannabis industry isn’t regulated by the FDA, which sheds the responsibility for research on consumers.

With no manufacturing and lab testing standards in place, it’s challenging to weed out substandard products and pick the best option for sleep.

Don’t worry, we’ve already done the hard work for you.

Here are the primary criteria you should consider if you want to make a well-informed decision on your next purchase:

  • Hemp Source: hemp plants are dynamic bioaccumulators. In simple words, they absorb and accumulate every substance from their environment, including nutrients and toxins. The best cannabis products for sleep come from organic hemp because such plants are grown in clean, fertile soil and without pesticides or chemical fertilizers.
  • Extraction Method: most reputable companies use CO2 for extraction because it doesn’t involve hazardous solvents or high temperatures. The end product is clean and consistently potent throughout the batches. CO2 extraction is also the most expensive method and the indicator that your manufacturer prioritizes quality and safety.
  • Lab Reports: the best way to check the credibility of any company selling cannabis products for sleep is to look for third-party lab reports. Independent laboratories provide an unbiased insight into the chemical makeup of the tested sample; they also analyze its purity, so if a product doesn’t meet the quality and purity criteria, the lab test will spit it out. Always look for batch-specific certificates of analysis (CoA), and if your vendor doesn’t provide them, look for a more transparent company.
  • Customer Service: you can have the best cannabis products for sleep on Earth, but if your customer service is clumsy and unresponsive, you can disappear from the market as quickly as you’ve entered it. The companies mentioned on our list go above and beyond to solve any problems for their customers, with knowledgeable staff that can guide both novice and seasoned users in their choice.
  • Brand Reputation: customers know best. If a company notoriously fails to deliver the desired quality of products and services, this will be reflected in customer reviews. On the other hand, reputable brands have hundreds of positive opinions from satisfied customers on both their websites and third-party services.

What to Look for When Choosing Cannabis Products for Sleep

Now that you know the main quality indicators, let’s focus on the formulas. Not all cannabis products for sleep are created equal.

A well-thought-out formula should contain full-spectrum extracts with different ratios between CBD, THC, and minor cannabinoids. If the product comes with a high terpene content, it’s all the better because it will enhance the synergy between cannabinoids on top of providing their own therapeutic benefits.

Creating a cannabis product for sleep requires thinking outside of the box. The world of plants is so abundant in therapeutic compounds that you have plenty of options to choose from, including calming herbs, adaptogens, vitamins, and minerals.

Here’s what you need to take into account:

CBD:THC Ratio

CBD and THC are the yin and yang of cannabis. Together, they amplify each other’s therapeutic effects while mitigating potential adverse reactions (1).

For example, THC alone can cause anxiety and paranoia in large doses — something you wouldn’t like to experience before sleep (2).

CBD counteracts these effects by blocking some of the binding sites of cannabinoid receptors in the brain (3).

Meanwhile, a small amount of THC in the extract can increase the biological activity of the whole product. THC has been shown to improve anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and pain-killing properties (4).

Always choose products that have trace amounts of THC; they won’t make you feel high, but they’re more efficient for sleep than isolate-based counterparts.

Minor Cannabinoids and Terpenes

Supportive cannabinoids, such as CBG, CBC, and CBN, as well as terpenes, can also contribute to the aforementioned synergy.

CBN is a cannabinoid known for its sedating properties. The same can be said for CBN-infused edibles, vapes, and other forms, although researchers aren’t sure whether these effects are directly caused by CBN or rather by its interactions with oxidized terpenes (5).

Speaking of terpenes, the best cannabis products for sleep contain molecules such as linalool, myrcene, and humulene. All three compounds are known for their ability to calm the body and mind, reduce pain, and inflammation, and improve sleep.

Some of these terpenes also make cannabinoid receptors more receptive to CBD, increasing the efficacy of this cannabinoid.

Other Ingredients

As mentioned earlier, creating the best cannabis products for sleep requires thinking outside the box. There are dozens of therapeutic plant compounds outside of cannabis that you can use to boost your sleep quality and duration.

The most popular sleep-inducing botanicals include:

  • Lavender
  • Chamomile
  • L-theanine
  • Lemon balm
  • Passionflower

Not to mention melatonin, which is the most popular ingredient in cannabis sleep formulas.

Melatonin is your natural sleep hormone that plays an essential role in regulating your sleep cycles (6). It can be infused in edibles to create good sleep gummies.

Some companies also use GABA to enhance the calming effects of the whole formula. GABA works as a handbrake for the nervous system, preventing overexcitation and increasing your resistance to stressors (7).

Does Cannabis Help with Sleep?

Cannabis oil and leaf

Yes, but the effects of cannabis on sleep are complex and diverse.

The first documentation regarding this use comes from Herodotus, a Greek historian and geographer who described the sleep rituals of Thracians. The warrior tribe would throw cannabis flowers into a bonfire and dance around it, inhaling the smoke. Then, they would fall asleep within minutes of going back to their tents (8).

Cannabis has also been used in the 19th century in India as a sedative. British doctors applied high doses of cannabis tinctures to patients before surgeries, becoming one of the most effective analgesics (9).

However, until recently, we could only rely on old manuscripts and other historical documents. Today, modern science sheds new light on the mechanisms behind the sleep-inducing properties of cannabis products.

How Does Cannabis Support Sleep?

Cannabis supports sleep by reducing pain, anxiety, and depression symptoms, but it can also alter your sleep architecture and manipulate the time you spend in different sleep stages.

The health benefits of cannabis are mediated through the endocannabinoid system (ECS), the master regulatory network in all mammals (10).

The ECS is made of receptors, enzymes, and endocannabinoids that work to establish and maintain homeostasis throughout the body.

Cannabinoid receptors are located in the brain, central nervous system, immune system, and peripheral organs.

Whenever homeostasis is disrupted, the ECS produces endocannabinoids to bring it back. However, the ECS doesn’t store them for later, not to mention that endocannabinoids are quickly broken down and flushed from the body once used.

That’s where plant-derived cannabinoids come into play.

CBD for Sleep

CBD increases the levels of anandamide (one of the two major cannabinoids in the body). Higher levels of anandamide are associated with increased activity of adenosine, a neurotransmitter that can make you feel sleepy (11).

Another way CBD oil can influence your sleep quality is by helping you fall asleep easier. In large doses, it can reduce blood pressure, resulting in slower breathing — and calming the body (12).

CBD has a biphasic nature, meaning low doses can increase alertness (13).

Last but not least, CBD can reduce inflammation (14), alter pain transmission (15), and curb anxiety (16), all of which are known contributors to poor sleep quality.

THC for Sleep

THC reduces sleep latency, so you need less time to fall asleep once you go to bed (17).

Another benefit of using THC in the evening is its ability to make you feel sleepy. Once the effects of THC wear off, your body starts to produce more melatonin. Similar to CBD, it can also increase your levels of adenosine (18).

Studies have shown that THC increases the time people spend in the deep sleep stage — the phase where restorative processes occur (19).

At the same time, THC reduces the duration of the REM stage. REM sleep is when you dream, so THC can prove beneficial for individuals struggling with recurring nightmares (20).

Terpenes for Sleep

Terpenes enhance the sedating effects of cannabis, but they also offer their own therapeutic properties.

For example, linalool, the main terpene in lavender, has been clinically proven to help with insomnia (21).

Myrcene, another abundant terpene from cannabis, mangoes, cloves, and lemongrass, is known for its relaxing effects. Not only can it make you feel sleepy, but it also increases the permeability of the blood-brain barrier, potentiating the effects of THC and CBD (22).

If you’re looking for the best cannabis products for sleep, make sure they contain significant levels of humulene. This terpene is abundant in hops and cannabis; it’s responsible for the giggly side of using cannabis products — and for its relaxing potential (23).

Is Cannabis a Good Long-term Solution for Sleep?

The best long-term solution for sleep is getting your nutrition, physical activity, and stress hygiene right.

Cannabis can help you improve sleep short-term. It’s also a great tool for optimizing your endocannabinoid system so that you can effectively introduce the necessary lifestyle changes.

However, when you don’t eat nutrient-dense food, live a sedentary lifestyle, and struggle with poor stress management, using cannabis for sleep is like putting a band-aid on a serious wound.

Talking to a holistic doctor and clinical dietician should be your first step on the way to improving the quality of sleep.

Get your daily dose of sunlight at 6 am and 7 pm.

Spend more time in nature.

Eat real foods.

Limit exposure to blue light before bed.

And cut out toxic people from your life.

You’ll see how your life improves with these simple modifications. Then you can add cannabis to make the process more efficient.

Side Effects of Using Cannabis for Sleep

On a short-term basis, cannabis may help you fall asleep faster and spend more time in the deep sleep stage.

However, health experts generally don’t recommend using high-THC cannabis on a long-term basis due to potential negative effects on long-term sleep quality.

The main concern relates to a tolerance that builds up in daily users. Heavy chronic use can result in (24):

  • Vivid dreams
  • Less sleep overall
  • Longer time to fall asleep
  • Awakenings during the night

Fortunately, these side effects are nonexistent if you use high-CBD cannabis products for sleep that contain only a trace amount of THC.

Although none of the above will fix your sleep problems for good, CBD-dominant products are safer in the long run.

How Is Cannabis Different from Other Sleep Aids?

A single cannabis leaf placed next to a bunch of medical pills.

Because cannabis is scheduled as a controlled substance, research on its safety and efficacy compared to other sleep aids is limited.

The biggest limitations include difficulties in obtaining high-quality cannabis by researchers, the lack of control for confounding factors, and highly selected samples.

Only a few synthetic medications are made to mimic THC, as well as one naturally-derived CBD product that has been approved by the FDA. However, they’re not prescribed for sleep.

People usually turn to cannabis for sleep to avoid more potent drugs, such as benzodiazepines and opioids.

Many prescription and over-the-counter sleep medications can lead to abuse, high tolerance, dependence, and the risk of fatal overdose.

Some natural sleep aids included in our list of the best cannabis products for sleep, like oral melatonin and chamomile, appear to reduce insomnia without dangerous side effects.

Homeopathic options, like valerian, show up in anecdotal evidence, but they still need more research until professionals can recommend them for sleep.

Which Type of Cannabis is Best for Sleep?

Full-spectrum cannabis products are better for sleep than isolate-based extracts because they evoke the entourage effect.

The entourage effect is a biological phenomenon in which cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids in cannabis work better together than each of them in isolation (even at high doses).

The best cannabis products for sleep include higher levels of sedating cannabinoids, such as CBN, and a range of relaxing terpenes, like myrcene, caryophyllene, linalool, and humulene.

Such terpenes are more prevalent in indica strains. Sativa subvarieties contain higher levels of energizing terpenes, such as limonene and pinene; such terpenes are better for daytime use.

If you live in a state that has legal medical or recreational marijuana, you can try out THC-rich formulas, but then again, the safety and efficacy of long-term THC use for sleep is yet to be investigated in clinical trials.

Tips on Using Cannabis for Sleep

If you plan to include cannabis in your sleep-aid routine, your doctor should be able to provide the best guidance based on your health, medical history, and individual needs.

However, it’s good to have a basic understanding of the benefits and risks of different forms of cannabis.

Vaporization is the fastest and most bioavailable way to deliver cannabis compounds to your body. Bioavailability determines how much THC and CBD your body absorbs after consumption.

Edibles take more time to kick in because they pass through the digestive system and liver. They also lose some bioavailability on the way. But on the other hand, the contents are gradually released into the bloodstream, ensuring longer-lasting effects.

Cannabis tinctures are the middle ground. They offer relatively decent bioavailability and provide long-lasting effects because they get absorbed through the sublingual membrane in the mouth — avoiding the liver.

When choosing the best cannabis product for sleep, it’s also worth considering the time of the day. Cannabis products with energizing ingredients are better suited for daytime use, while formulas including natural sedatives should be used in the evening or before bed.

Final Verdict: What’s the Best Cannabis Product for Sleep?

The best cannabis products for sleep are those that combine the full spectrum of cannabinoids and terpenes with other sleep enhancers.

Common ingredients in nighttime cannabis formulas include melatonin, chamomile, 5-HTP, l-theanine, lemon balm, and passionfruit.

We’ve found products with different ratios between CBD and CBN to be the most effective for sleep. The higher the CBN content, the more pronounced the effects. However, this may not be caused by CBN per se, but rather through its interaction with other relaxing cannabinoids and terpenes.

If you’re looking for the best value for your money, try out the products from Area 52, Royal CBD, and Gold Bee. All three companies make high-quality extracts with well-designed formulas that help optimize your inner clock through the endocannabinoid system.

How do you use cannabis for sleep? What are the best products you’ve tried so far? Share your stories in the comments!

Sources:

  1. Russo E. B. (2011). Taming THC: potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid-terpenoid entourage effects. British journal of pharmacology, 163(7), 1344–1364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01238.x
  2. Rey, A. A., Purrio, M., Viveros, M. P., & Lutz, B. (2012). Biphasic effects of cannabinoids in anxiety responses: CB1 and GABA(B) receptors in the balance of GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 37(12), 2624–2634. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2012.123
  3. Hudson, R., Renard, J., Norris, C., Rushlow, W. J., & Laviolette, S. R. (2019). Cannabidiol Counteracts the Psychotropic Side-Effects of Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Ventral Hippocampus through Bidirectional Control of ERK1-2 Phosphorylation. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 39(44), 8762–8777. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0708-19.2019
  4. Gallily, Ruth & Yekhtin, Zhannah & Hanus, Lumir. (2015). Overcoming the Bell-Shaped Dose-Response of Cannabidiol by Using Cannabis Extract Enriched in Cannabidiol. Pharmacology & Pharmacy. 06. 75-85. 10.4236/pp.2015.62010.
  5. Corroon J. (2021). Cannabinol and Sleep: Separating Fact from Fiction. Cannabis and cannabinoid research, 6(5), 366–371. [1]
  6. Ferracioli-Oda, E., Qawasmi, A., & Bloch, M. H. (2013). Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders. PloS one, 8(5), e63773. [2]
  7. Hepsomali, P., Groeger, J. A., Nishihira, J., & Scholey, A. (2020). Effects of Oral Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Administration on Stress and Sleep in Humans: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in neuroscience, 14, 923. [3]
  8. Brunner, T.F. (1973). Marijuana in Ancient Greece and Rome? The Literary Evidence. Buletin of the History of Medicine. Retrieved from: https://www.jstor.org/stable/44451345
  9. Mukherjee, S. (2017). W.B. O’Shaugnessy and the Introduction of Cannabis to Modern Western Medicine. The Public Domain Review: Essays. Retrieved from: https://publicdomainreview.org/essay/w-b-o-shaughnessy-and-the-introduction-of-cannabis-to-modern-western-medicine
  10. Kaur, R., Ambwani, S. R., & Singh, S. (2016). Endocannabinoid System: A Multi-Facet Therapeutic Target. Current clinical pharmacology, 11(2), 110–117. https://doi.org/10.2174/1574884711666160418105339
  11. Deutsch D. G. (2016). A Personal Retrospective: Elevating Anandamide (AEA) by Targeting Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH) and the Fatty Acid Binding Proteins (FABPs). Frontiers in pharmacology, 7, 370. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00370
  12. Jadoon, K. A., Tan, G. D., & O’Sullivan, S. E. (2017). A single dose of cannabidiol reduces blood pressure in healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover study. JCI insight, 2(12), e93760. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.93760
  13. Murillo-Rodríguez, E., Sarro-Ramírez, A., Sánchez, D., Mijangos-Moreno, S., Tejeda-Padrón, A., Poot-Aké, A., Guzmán, K., Pacheco-Pantoja, E., & Arias-Carrión, O. (2014). Potential effects of cannabidiol as a wake-promoting agent. Current neuropharmacology, 12(3), 269–272. [4]
  14. Atalay, S., Jarocka-Karpowicz, I., & Skrzydlewska, E. (2019). Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Cannabidiol. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 9(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010021
  15. Mlost, J., Bryk, M., & Starowicz, K. (2020). Cannabidiol for Pain Treatment: Focus on Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(22), 8870. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228870
  16. Blessing, E. M., Steenkamp, M. M., Manzanares, J., & Marmar, C. R. (2015). Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 12(4), 825–836. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-015-0387-1
  17. Gates, P. J., Albertella, L., & Copeland, J. (2014). The effects of cannabinoid administration on sleep: a systematic review of human studies. Sleep medicine reviews, 18(6), 477–487. [5]
  18. Ferré, S., Lluís, C., Justinova, Z., Quiroz, C., Orru, M., Navarro, G., Canela, E. I., Franco, R., & Goldberg, S. R. (2010). Adenosine-cannabinoid receptor interactions. Implications for striatal function. British journal of pharmacology, 160(3), 443–453. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00723.x
  19. Schierenbeck, T., Riemann, D., Berger, M., & Hornyak, M. (2008). Effect of illicit recreational drugs upon sleep: cocaine, ecstasy and marijuana. Sleep medicine reviews, 12(5), 381–389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2007.12.004
  20. Fraser G. A. (2009). The use of a synthetic cannabinoid in the management of treatment-resistant nightmares in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 15(1), 84–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-5949.2008.00071.x
  21. Cheong, M. J., Kim, S., Kim, J. S., Lee, H., Lyu, Y. S., Lee, Y. R., Jeon, B., & Kang, H. W. (2021). A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the clinical effects of aroma inhalation therapy on sleep problems. Medicine, 100(9), e24652. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000024652
  22. Surendran, S., Qassadi, F., Surendran, G., Lilley, D., & Heinrich, M. (2021). Myrcene-What Are the Potential Health Benefits of This Flavouring and Aroma Agent?. Frontiers in nutrition, 8, 699666. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.699666
  23. Benkherouf, A. Y., Eerola, K., Soini, S. L., & Uusi-Oukari, M. (2020). Humulone Modulation of GABAA Receptors and Its Role in Hops Sleep-Promoting Activity. Frontiers in neuroscience, 14, 594708. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.594708
  24. Skobic, I., Apolinar, G. R., Quan, S. F., & Haynes, P. L. (2021). Marijuana versus evidence-based treatments for sleep and relaxation: A cross-sectional study of use and dose modification following involuntary job loss. Sleep health, 7(1), 113–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2020.06.008
Government shutdown continues as Trump directs Pentagon to use "all available funds" to pay troops

Government shutdown continues as Trump directs Pentagon to use “all available funds” to pay troops

What to know on Day 11 of the government shutdown:

  • Federal employees began receiving notices on Friday telling them they will be laid off in 60 days, CBS News has confirmed, after the Trump administration floated layoffs during the government shutdown. But some layoff notices issued to CDC employees were rescinded, multiple sources familiar with the situation told CBS News Saturday.  
  • More than 4,000 workers at seven federal agencies could get layoff notices, according to a court filing. 
  • House Speaker Mike Johnson said “we’re not in a good mood” as he noted Friday marks the first day that federal workers will not receive their full paychecks since the shutdown began on Oct. 1. The continued stalemate also makes it highly likely members of the military will miss their next paycheck, expected to arrive on Oct. 15.
  • There has been little movement in Congress toward ending the government shutdown in recent days. The Senate rejected motions to advance Democratic and Republican-backed spending bills for a seventh time Thursday and left town until Tuesday afternoon, meaning the deadlock will not be resolved until at least next week.
  • Several U.S. airports have experienced flight delays this week due to shortages of air traffic controllers, who are considered essential workers and have been working without pay since funding lapsed earlier this month. But they are expected to receive back pay once the shutdown ends. 

Nurse dies days after Northern California medical helicopter crashes onto Highway 50

The nurse who was on board the helicopter that crashed in Sacramento has died, REACH Air Medical Services said on Saturday.

Suzie Smith was identified as one of the people who was in the medical helicopter that crashed onto Highway 50 on Monday. She was seriously injured and had been in critical and unstable condition since the crash.

“We will remember Suzie as a pillar of the EMS and healthcare community who saved countless lives by delivering compassionate care in their darkest hours,” REACH said. “Suzie’s 50-year career as a nurse included nearly 21 years with REACH, and we are proud to call her our colleague and friend.”

Smith’s friends and colleagues say she was known for her steady hand, her kind heart, and her unwavering commitment to patients in their darkest hours.

Smith is survived by her husband, son, two sisters, and a brother.

“I watched her as the children would come up to her and she’d get down on one knee, down to their level, and she would just identify with them and she would make them feel comfortable,” said Clint Hanley. 

Her mission to help others reached far beyond California, to remote villages in Nicaragua, where she provided free cleft palate surgeries to children. 

“Her memory will live on in other countries around the world for a lot of years from all the lives she’s changed,” Hanley said.

Hanley flew Smith and medical teams into hard-to-reach communities and places where her kindness spoke louder than any language barrier.

“She would actually view people, take pictures of them so that the surgery team would be able to know if they were candidates for what they could do,” Hanley said.

That compassion and ability to connect is what her family and friends say defined her life. 

“What she would like to have as a legacy is for people to go forward remembering the help they bring to other people is vital, it is remembered, and the lives that she changed from the help she would give will continue,” Hanley said. 

“It’s with a heavy heart that I write this message. I got to hold my mother while she passed last night, but her legacy is far from over,” her son Gabriel Smith said in a Facebook post. “In my mother’s line of work she was never far from death, but she never let it harden her heart. She knew every second was precious and chose to spend that time helping others and building communities.”

The crash happened while the REACH 5 Medical Air crew was heading back to Redding after dropping off a patient at UC Davis Medical Center. Also onboard was a pilot and paramedic, who remain in critical condition. REACH identified them as Chad Millward, the pilot, and Margaret “DeDe” Davis, the paramedic.

The cause of the crash remains under investigation.

Police say an Indiana man's death

Police say an Indiana man’s death was no accident; His wife fights to prove she’s no murderer.

August 12, 2023, New Haven, Indiana. Shortly before morning broke in the home he rented with his wife Alison, at the base of a steep stairway, Kevin Davis‘ blood seeped onto the floor.

OFFICER GARRETT SHANEBROOK | New Haven Police Department (bodycam video): Where’s that blood coming from?

CORPORAL CADE HETRICK | New Haven Police Department: His face and his nose.

Det. James Krueger: The amount of blood was alarming. It was — it was everywhere.

Alison Davis had already given lead Detective James Krueger of the New Haven Police Department permission to search the house.

DET. JAMES KRUEGER (bodycam video):  If you do agree to that, I need you to sign there saying that you understand …

But she warned them about the bedroom, where their pit bull mix, Willow, would sometimes growl at strangers who approached.

ALISON DAVIS (bodycam video): She’s up in the bedroom, and she’s a guard dog.

DET. JAMES KRUEGER: OK.

ALISON DAVIS: And I don’t know if she’d do anything, and I don’t want anything to happen to her.

DET. JAMES KRUEGER: Right now, what I won’t do is, I won’t go in that room.

ALISON DAVIS: OK.

AN ACCIDENTAL FALL?

Kevin had been rushed to Parkview Regional Medical Center in critical condition. After speaking with first responders and breaking the tragic news to her loved ones, Alison also headed to Parkview.

Peter Van Sant: So you go to the hospital?

Steve Krause: Yes.

Steve Krause watched his daughter try to will Kevin back to consciousness.

Steve Krause: Their favorite phrase for one another was “babe.” … And Alison’s up there, “Hey, babe, you’re gonna be OK. Hey, babe, you know, I’m here with you. Hey, babe, I love you.”

Kasey Klemm: She had blood on her fingernails, cuticles, and on her phone. I could tell that she had been crying, but she kind of just looked like in shock.

Alison’s best friendis Kasey Klemm.

Kasey Klemm: They had her in like a little waiting room with a chaplain. And I was trying to calm her down to ask questions, you know, like what was going on?

Back at the house, Krueger lifted restrictions and cleared the bloody scene. It was horrific. But at this point, he believed it was an accident.

Det. James Krueger: Well, maybe he took a head plant down the stairs. I don’t know. I wasn’t there.

Kasey Klemm: The detective said … I think we’re done here.

Alison stayed at the hospital. But back home, all that blood needed to be cleaned up.

Kasey Klemm: You don’t think about that right? … Like, who cleans it up?

Steve Krause: I said well, I will go do it.

Peter Van Sant: You had permission to do this?

Steve Krause: Correct.

Peter Van Sant: Permission from the lead detective in this case?

Steve Krause: Correct.

Peter Van Sant: How upsetting was this process of cleaning?

Steve Krause: Well, it’s very upsetting. … sometimes I’d get — become overwhelmed and need to gather myself, um, to finish, um, what I’d come to do.

Including tending to Willow, who had been left upstairs in their bedroom with the door closed.

Steve Krause: Alison was concerned that this dog hadn’t been left out … They had no children, so the dog was … like a child.

Throughout that frantic morning, Alison and her family quietly prayed.

Steve Krause: I’m praying can we just, you know, wake up, you know, wake up. You look like you’re sleeping, just wake up.

Kevin and Alison were a part of a tight group of friends who were regulars at the East Haven Tavern where Jodi Espy and Jessica Eakright take care of the crowd.

Jessica Eakright: Our customers become our family around here.

The news that Kevin was in critical condition hit hard.

Jodi Espy: Everybody was just talking like, “Oh my gosh, he was just here. That’s so sad.”

Kevin and Alison had been at the Tavern just hours earlier.

Jessica Eakright: It was hard not to be a friend of Alison’s because she just made everybody feel like you mattered.

Kevin, a skilled landscaper, had a big personality that matched his big heart.

Todd Spessert: Kevin Davis was, uh, just a nice guy … always hard working … ready to help anybody out at any time.

Close friends Todd Spessert and Jason Young scrambled to see Kevin.

Jason Young: We all met at the hospital.

Todd Spessert: Yeah. Jason Young: We talked to Alison and her parents.

Jason Young: … definitely, she had been crying, but she was holding back.

Todd Spessert: She was —  she was a mess.

Peter Van Sant: She was devastated?

Jason Young and Todd Spessert: Yes.

The scene was overwhelming.

Todd Spessert: Yeah, he … he’s uh brain dead, there’s nothing left in there.

Peter Van Sant:  God, just a few hours earlier, he was sitting right over here, right?

Todd Spessert: Correct.

Peter Van Sant: Do you say anything to Kevin?

Jason Young: Oh yeah, yup. … I told him it’s like … I feel really bad about this. And it shouldn’t have happened, and I wish you were still here. 

Peter Van Sant: And did you have a chance to say goodbye to your friend?

Jason Young: Yeah. I said goodbye there. Yep.

Todd Spessert: They were — yeah, then they were talking about, you know, donating his organs and stuff. And I was like — I was like, wow.

Peter Van Sant: He was an organ donor?

Kasey Klemm: Yes, yes. She was very proud of him for that, too.

His life support would be disconnected. Soon, 40-year-old Kevin Davis was gone. At 33, Alison was a widow.

Kasey Klemm: They were just a happy type of couple that would dance in the kitchen to music together, just the two of them. Like that’s just who they were. They were great together.

It shook their friend Deontae Bristol.

Deontae Bristol: I was just holding back tears because we were just hanging out. Like I was just hanging out with this guy.

Jessica Eakright: It’s devastating. Not just because he’s no longer here, but because the circumstances surrounding it are traumatic. READ MORE…

Marijuana Nation

Why are more seniors turning to cannabis use?

When Don Searles went to a recent party, he didn’t want to show up empty-handed. So he made peanut brittle using an old family recipe — with a modern-day twist.

“We added the marijuana,” he said.

The party was hosted by 74-year-old Gayle Crawley at the Trilogy retirement community, an hour east of San Francisco, where lately the golf course has a new competitor for popularity.

Between 2021 and 2023, cannabis use among Americans 65 and older went up 46%, according to a study published in JAMA Internal Medicine.

Crawley said those numbers reflect that marijuana is a “good solution to a lot of medicinal issues.” 

And with cannabis now legal in 40 states for medical use and 24 for recreational, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures, the stigma is quickly diminishing.

Steven Clarke, another attendee at Crawley’s party, said he’s never smoked and prefers edibles.

When asked why he’s drawn to the drug, Clarke told CBS News that “it does work on PTSD, pain issues, relaxation issues, brain disorders, heart disease.” 

But some medical professionals disagree.

Matt Springer, a professor at UC San Francisco, warns that THC, the main psychoactive compound in marijuana, may carry health risks, no matter how seniors ingest it.

“If they are smoking marijuana, we can be pretty confident that they’re harming their cardiovascular system,” Springer told CBS News, adding that if they’re eating THC, “they’re not without risk.”

Other researchers found cannabis use is linked to a doubled risk of dying from cardiovascular disease, a 29% higher risk for acute coronary syndrome, and a 20% higher risk for stroke, according to a study published in June. The authors analyzed data from 24 studies published from 2016 to 2023.

Searles, who suffers from chronic pain after a motorcycle accident five years ago, said he isn’t surprised by the findings.

“I go to my doctor and he says, geez, quit drinking milk. Uh, stay away from the sugar. What isn’t bad for you nowadays?” Searles said.